1. Only the following actors can provide protection against persecution or serious harm, provided that they are able and willing to provide effective and non-temporary protection in accordance with paragraph 2:
(a) the State;
(b) stable, established non-State authorities, including international organisations, which control the State or a substantial part of the territory of the State.
2. Protection against persecution or serious harm shall be effective and of a non-temporary nature. That protection shall be considered to be provided where the actors referred to in paragraph 1 take reasonable steps to prevent persecution or the suffering of serious harm, inter alia, by operating an effective legal system for the detection, prosecution and punishment of acts constituting persecution or serious harm, and where an applicant has access to that protection.
3. When assessing whether stable, established non-State authorities, including international organisations, control a State or a substantial part of its territory and provide protection within the meaning of paragraph 2, the determining authority shall take into account precise and up-to-date information on countries of origin obtained from relevant and available national, Union and international sources and, where available, the common analysis on the situation in specific countries of origin and the guidance notes referred to in Article 11 of .
Correlation Table
| Directive 2011/95/EU | This Regulation |
| Article 7 | Article 7 |